Marketing Strategies - 1137 Words

Successful companies study their competitors as closely as they do their customers. Analyzing and evaluating competition helps management decide where to compete and how to position against the competition in each market margin. The changing patterns of global competition require continuous analysis of competing forces. Business and marketing strategies need to take advantage of opportunities and to avoid threats. Market leaders and competitors cannot fulfill their executive role unless customer’s needs and desires are understood and satisfied. Strategic marketing is creating a plan to better reach and satisfy customer while increasing profitability and productivity. Competition strategy is an important strategic planning process to†¦show more content†¦Econet’s main product is buddie which is a prepaid package which was build with a strategic intent from the beginning. Buddie has about twelve exciting value added services. Whilst Netone’s product Easycall has only six value added services. Pricing of mobile service is based on cost plus and one minute charges is 24c on billing second as approved the POTRAZ. However the cost mobile service is high in Zimbabwe as compared to regional prices. Porter’s generic strategy analysis differentiate strategy attempts to achieve a competitive advantage by creating services that are perceived as unique. Econet has a big market share of 70% due to its better services and good network coverage. The major differentiator to Netone is Econet’s ability to provide a number of the value added services such as ecocash, econetmail, among others. Econet has a brand image in the mind of public due to their willingness to provide best services. Netone is failing to invent new product features to compete with econet. Low cost leadership strategy, Econet is providing low cost services in value added services under buddie for example txt service allows buddies to chat on the internet, even if the subscribers also not have an internet connection or smart phone which Netone easy call supplementary value added services are all accessible on smart phones. Econet is also selling its buddie linesShow MoreRelatedCorporate Responsibility and Marketing Strategies1838 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿ Corporate Responsibility and Marketing Strategies Wanda Joyce McGhee Dr. Malinda Swigart Business 508 July 13, 2014 Corporate Responsibility and Marketing Strategies There is no question that Apple is a remarkable company. In addition to its business turnaround, its innovative design, and its media content and apps, the unadulterated  sexiness of all its products makes Apple hard to resist. For me, what isn’t hard to resist, is asking: How can a company that is this extraordinaryRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy Of Walmart1496 Words   |  6 Pagesrecognition by consumers escalate to never before seen heights. Because of this brand recognition, it has become important for businesses to design their websites to reflect their overall marketing strategies. This is especially important in the retail world. All retail businesses have a similar overall marketing strategy of generating sales and retaining the customer for future sales. Most of the retail giants still greatly rely on the success of their brick and mortar stores to turn a profit. HoweverRead MoreDells Marketing Strategy1802 Words   |  8 Pagesalways been careful in sustaining i ts marketing strategy of providing standard-based computing solutions (Official Website 2004). Today Dell is the third largest computer manufacturer in the world. On January 2004 Dell reports net revenue approximately $41,444 millions and 46000 employees (Annual report 2004). Marketing Environment Dells strategy is global. It realizes that being closer to the customers is essential in carrying out its marketing strategies as well as in enabling it to build customerRead MoreMarketing Strategy1138 Words   |  5 PagesChapter 1 Marketing in Today’s Economy Exercise 1.1 CarsDirect http://www.carsdirect.com 1. Explore the CarsDirect website, including pricing a vehicle of your choice. How successful is CarsDirect in reducing the hassles associated with buying an automobile? 2. Does the design of the CarsDirect website convey confidence and trust in the car buying process? How has CarsDirect answered consumers’ concerns over the lack of a human element in their marketspace? Exercise 1.2 DaytonaRead MoreMarketing Strategies For A Marketing Strategy1235 Words   |  5 PagesMarketing strategies A marketing strategy is a description of goals that need to be achieved with marketing efforts. A marketing strategy is normally formed by an organizations business goals. Business goals and a marketing strategy should go hand-in-hand. A marketing strategy should consist of a clear goal of what has to be done, informing consumers about the product or services being offered, and also informing consumer of differentiation factors. The 4 P’s of marketing Marketing is a businessRead MoreMarketing Strategies For The Marketing Strategy1453 Words   |  6 Pagestrue cost of production for the particular products and services are not known to the customers. Instead, they feel the worth of a product from their sense of feeling and decide to buy it even on higher price. Therefore producers chase such marketing strategies which help them to set huge perceived value for their product or service and in this way they are able to get high prices for their products in the market (Sweeney et al., 1999). Perceived value is mostly used by companies who manufactureRead MoreMarketing Strategies For A Marketing Strategy1177 Words   |  5 Pagescompanies in marketing has become more intense. Practice effective marketing strategies is very important for most of the companies who want to be successful and to become leaders in marketing. Strategy is part of marketing techniques that combine all the market goals which are the company needs to make a completed plan in order to increase sales and maintain customers (Bennie, 2016). Marketing strategies have been extensively studied in the marketing area. For example, marketing strategy was discussedRead MoreMarketing Strategies Of The Marketing Strategy Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesThe Marketing Strategies that were exercised by eBay which contributed to its success. 1. Definition of the Marketing Strategy Grewal and Levy (2010: p.32) states that â€Å"a marketing strategy identifies a firm’s target market(s), a related marketing mix - their four P’s and the bases upon which the firm plans to build a sustainable competitive advantage†. Kotler and Keller (2012: p.274) further argues that ‘the marketing strategy is built on segmentation, targeting, and positioning (STP) and a companyRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy909 Words   |  4 PagesA marketing plan is crucial to the survival of an organization. Marketing plans need to be well thought out and target a certain market. The market that an organization chooses will demonstrate what direction they want the organization to head in. However, choosing just one market will be problematic to the organization because they will be missing out on other opportunities to grow. The organization needs to operate like the old sane, kill two birds with one stone. Therefore, if an organizationRead MoreMarketing Strategy : Marketing Strategies871 Words   |  4 PagesPurpose and Overview The purpose of this case analysis report for Mistine, direct selling in Thailand Cosmetic Market looks into the marketing strategies focus. The report includes external opportunities and threats as well as strengths that are to be discussed here. The external opportunities include new markets and new product and service development. External threats include growing competition and lower profitability external business risks. The weakness are high prices are possible

Animal Testing in the Cosmetic Industry An Increasingly...

Animal testing has become an increasingly controversial issue since the 1980s. This has been the case especially in the cosmetics industry, where esthetic value rather than necessity is at the core of the industry. Since information regarding the often unnecessarily cruel practice of animal testing has become public knowledge, many activist groups have targeted the industry to pressure manufacturers into stopping practices that have been deemed unacceptable. While some of these efforts have met with some success, many cosmetic companies still do use animal testing in a somewhat covert way, despite public claims that this is not the case. Another concern for activists is the harmful chemicals in cosmetics. These are marketed to a largely uninformed public. Some of these substances are even claimed to cause various types of cancer, such as breast cancer in women. Activist groups therefore worked to raise public awareness of a largely unregulated industry in which especially giant compa nies have concealed their unethical practices in order to promote sales. Cornelia Dums website (2013) lists several activists that have put pressure on the industry to change its practices. The David Suzuki Foundation, for example, published an 2010 report providing an overview of toxic chemical products in commonly used cosmetics. Many of these are also proven to be harmful to the environment. The purpose of the report is to stimulate better regulation and more accurate labeling of cosmetics.Show MoreRelatedBody Shop Evolution of Business in Society5167 Words   |  21 PagesTHE BODY SHOP The Evolution of Business in Society No longer are business and community two mutually exclusive spheres of influence in the society today. Increasingly, the trend in companies is to be actively engaged in corporate social initiatives with community involvement. Multinationals like Microsoft, BP, and McDonalds have come to appreciate the benefits reaped from successful integration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) efforts into their core business units, which serve as a powerfulRead MoreThe Body Shop14072 Words   |  57 PagesIntroduction   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There is success in body care.   Behold the Body Shop, one of the famous international cosmetics brand.   It is not just one’s ordinary shop for body or hair care.   It is extraordinary just as its pioneer.   The entrepreneur assessed in this paper is in no way or another connected to me.      Personal Profile   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The name behind the Body Shop, a famous cosmetic line for decades now, is Anita Roddick.   On October 23, 1942 in Littlehampton, Sussex, England marks her birth toRead MoreLas 432 - Genetically Modified Foods Essay14589 Words   |  59 Pages 5 I. What are GMO’S? II. 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Media influences and theRead MoreMerck Case18783 Words   |  76 Pages2. The Pharmaceutical Industry in a Global Context 3. Product RD and Clinical Trials 4. Manufacturing and Process RD 5. Technological Factors Structure-Based Drug (Rational Drug) Design Structure-Based Drug (Rational Drug) Design 6. Merck 7. Managerial Decision Making 8. Decision Making on IT projects 9. Joint Ventures 10. Information Technology and Org anization 11. Appendix I - Summary Answers to Questions for Merck - Strategy Operations 12. Appendix II - INDUSTRY AND FIRM BUSINESS DATARead MoreBCH190 Essay14810 Words   |  60 Pages 8. Prokaryotic cells: (A) are complex creature and usually do not live in diverse and extreme environments (B) lack a membrane bound nucleus like most bacteria (C) have membrane bound organelles that originated from bacteria (D) are animal type cells with diverse biochemical compartments (E) only live in extreme environment without oxygen 9. 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Discuss why ethical issues and professionalism affect HR management as a career field. ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  3 HR TRANSITIONS HR Management Contributes to Organizational Success More effective management of human resources (HR) increasingly is being seen as positively affecting performance in organizations, both large and small. A joint venture between General Electric andRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesand peace so consciously pursued through the establishment of international organizations and diplomatic exchanges. Despite these endeavors, the levels of domestic and international violence within human populations and the ravages visited upon animals and the natural world by humans vastly exceeded that of any previous era in history. 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Expressionist Tendencies sample assignment

Question: In what ways are the expressionist tendencies of the Griffins, Kevin Borland and Edmond Corrigan a rebellion against mainstream tendencies and/or a gateway to pluralism within Melbourne architecture? Answer: The architecture of Melbourne is the second largest city in an entire Australia. It provides an extensive design formation of new and old architecture. There is much residential architecture with the jurisdiction of suburbs and has been duly shaped by an extensive history. This entire essay depicts with the expressionist tendencies of three individuals namely Griffins, Kevin Borland and Edmond Corrigan ( rebellion) against the main stream to pluralism with the architecture of Melbourne. Early Melbourne generally includes colonial towns of Australia, dotted house via the details of Hoddle's grid plan street. The researcher has estimated and manifested several strategies of Melbourne architecture with that of prefabricated housing: two iron houses in the Southern region of Melbourne. The researcher has discussed the detailed analysis of Melbourne architecture with the concept of expressionism article style in which the professional's artist seeks to depict the reality image with that of the segregated region. More specifically, the entire architecture of Australia depicts the professions of German artists. This revolutionary of architecture generally starts at the time of World War I with the intermediaries of the medieval period. The Griffin architecture reflected the structure in Canberra and the related Canberra sketches. The design of Griffin design was totally different from any of the professionals architect. Griffin uses the techniques of the dome, triangle, etc for. manifestation. The architect was totally manifested in the region of Australia, Canberra; but its style was estimated like the region of America. The concept of Edmond and Corrigan uses the techniques the concepts of polychrome bricks which were colorful in nature. The look was totally traditional and has immense benefits like space utilization etc. The researcher has highlighted and reflected varieties of strategies relating to the content and has discussed in the separate stanzas with the r elevant concept. In the first few stanzas, the mainstream tendencies of Griffins, Kevin Borland and Edmond Corrigan ( rebellion) has been relatively discussed with the help of provided references case study. Criticism on the Contribution of Griffins in architecture W.B. Griffin outlined the strange structure of the Giurgolas Parliament House with a pyramidal top. The structure for the flag was considered unnecessary, problematic and uneasy. The colossal Canberra was a weird structure that was subject to detachment and flawless in its technique, but it lacked the similarity between the originality and experiment. The Capitol in the valley of Molonglo was designed by the Griffins, and it is the most impressive and inscrutable architectural idea of the Griffins that was provided the tangible form. The drawings of M. M. Griffin for the federal capital competition demonstrated that the designs were more promising and exciting than the rest of structure in Canberra. The head architects of the NCDC have supported the style of architecture of the Griffins. Their efforts were undoubtedly noteworthy, and their visions have a significant position in the lived experience worldwide, peculiarly in American views. The Griffins as the students of architecture and practitioners reasoned a significant rearrangement of the forces of society and politics in the United States. The domestic architecture of the Griffins was responsible for the protection from the social argument and inconsistency for some certain bourgeois culture. The artist-architect that prevails in the bourgeois culture arose to the position of Alter Ego for the owner, and they become possessive hostile for their achievement. Transition introduced three studies on the architecture of the Griffins to mark the death anniversaries of W. B. Griffin and M. M. Griffin. Griffins and their architecture should not be considered as modernists but as avant-garde on social and political terms. Their architecture was limited to the physically powerful system of local patronage, social clubs and artistic societies and very little concept of nationalism. Griffins and their architecture were largely differing in views from the European Modernism because they were committed to the post-conf ederation nationalism. The Griffins were not prepared for the social and political conditions they witnessed. The Art and Craft were torn between the consistent sloppy associations and the essential challenge that was a result of embracing the abstraction, the mechanism, and the construction process. The ideas were so unclear and shapeless that it became impossible for clarifying the democratic ideas. The ideology of Griffin's architecture was the experimental architecture that was severely aesthetic and abstract. The rock solid house was their only thesis after which their architecture became incorporated, rough-hewn brickwork, members of crystalline structures and decorative element. The Griffin wanted to revert the deep archetypes- the temple, the cave, the redoubt. The abstraction endangered to counteract the bourgeois society, to bring it close to the actuality of the manufacturing production. For complementing the growing orthodoxy of the fresh corporatism in America, an anti- modern visual was emerging. The Griffins were reacting to the Canberra sketches that helped them to find the ways for opposing this artistic to retain the aura of Arthurian obligation for the community. The projected house of M. M. Griffin further developed the anti-modern impulsive nature, and it was ultimately sublimated in the blueprint of Newman College.The position of Griffin could be clearly summarized to the aesthetic they introduced in Australia, which was anti-modern. The social and political ideals prevented them from the acceptance they needed in the bourgeois social organization. The architecture of Canberra described by Griffin demonstrated strange deformation of the architecture meaning and sagacity. There is uncertainty of messages with odd expressions and dead silence. Canberra has the troubling and weary atmosphere that is made by the compulsive slips in series. The Griffin architecture had been explained by Habermas as deterioration of the bunch propagandisticbunch art or into commercialized group culture. It has been the fate of the most of the architectural structure of the Griffins. Criticism on the Contribution of Edmond and Corrigan in architectureEdmond and Corrigan supported the use of nontraditional ways for architecture development. They patiently used the nonconventional polychromic brickwork for the architectural structures. These polychromic bricks are colorful and provide different looks from the other building structures. The medieval Europe was noted for the use of brightly painted or colored bricks. These types of bricks were often pallid washed or destroyed during the protestant restructuring in the iconoclast stages. The architecture of Edmond and Corrigan deceased from the squatter romantics in such a strong way that the self-conception of Australia differs from the actual perception. Conrad Hamann wrote a book named Cities of Hope in which he rehearsed and remembered the official construction of the designs by the Edmond a nd Corrigan. The stage design is shown on one side while the architecture of the design was shown on the other side.The architectural concept in Australia was changing in the time of 1975 when diversified concepts were evolving in the segment. According to most of the architecture in Melbourne was dependent on the traditional and theoretical method due to low innovation capabilities. In such time, Edmond and Corrigan evolved a new way of architecture design. Both the designer was associated with the new style that was completely different from others. Both the designer has made a distinct way in their design. At that, time traditional architecture in Australia was flowing in a defined direction. Therefore, the design of every building was almost same, and the looks were becoming very monotonous. On the other hand, some historians have stated that to change the pattern and to change the looks in the design both Edmond and Corrigan has taken the initiative to innovate a difference in the process. The design of both architects was changing the dimension of Australian trend. Diverting from the traditional architectural design they have to adopt an expressionist view. Their design was influenced by the theme and objective of the construction, therefore; they get the acceptance very quickly. The basic part of the construction design was not associated with any particular material, therefore, traditional designer use to implement those materials in their construction that provides a smart finish to the construction. On the other hand, it is seen that Edmond and Corrigan made the mark by selecting a unique material to design the outer surface of their construction. Both the Architect selects the polychrome brick to design the outer surface that gives a rough finish and gorgeous looks. It can be opined that the expressionist mentality on the design gets the popularity, and many church administration has given them the responsibility to design their church that will provide an impact on the followers. While conducting their business both the designer has, maintain the innovative design and put the expression of the designer as well as they try to make sense of the design that relates to the construction objective. Many designs as if city center of Melbourne and another const ruction was important for them because they were adopting such design that accommodates many things in a small place. Therefore, modernization of the architecture was one of the important aspects that differ from others. To support this view it has been stated that traditional architect never emphasizes on the space utilization which is most important whereas Edmond and Corrigan emphasized on the space utilization along with the traditional design. Therefore, acceptance of their design was very high at that time. They always try to accommodate a large number of things in a smallest possible space, which is the requirement of the modern times.Criticism on the Contribution of Kelvin Boland in architectureKelvin Borland was born in West Melbourne on 28th October in 1926. He is one of the reputed educators and designers of substance and originality. The first building developed by this architect was the rice house with a different kind of housing Archetype. Use of the unusual materials and construction technique made this hose notable. The house is made of two structures; the first structure is made up of centenary arches in series form to support the structure, which is supported by concrete walls and bricks and the second structure is made of two arches. The first structure is covered by a walkway which is comprised of metal frames. This architect implemented both the socialism as well as the modernism in his construction buildings which made him unique form other architects of that time. This was another unique construction made by Kelvin Borland with his friends Mcintyre, Murphy, and Irwin. This is a V-shaped stadium made by steel rods and tied to the ground. This V shaped structure has minimized the total volume of the building and provided visual interests form the elevations. The house was invented by Borland, however in the later times it was over handed to Geoff. The house was developed with full proof planning of modern and contemporary flat roofed rooms . Wall paneling with dark stained plywood was made for making contemporary and modern house. A per shill hall with well structured roof was designed almost after four years. This house was made on 17 acres land on the hilltop of park orcahards, where the roof structure was made with surmounted plans and consisted of two hexagons. With a straw board the ceiling was structured and the internal as well as external walls were made almost above sixteen meters form the ground. Mt Gambier limestone was used to make the external walls. It was quite different from the regular geometric constructions. Kelvin has reconstructed this building with a unique octagonal plan by constructing the roofs against the wall alignment. Form the architectural designs made by Kelvin Borland it can be stated that his beliefs in making reversed changes provide unique styles to the buildings and make it a national model of experimental and optimistic period. The decisions made by this architect reflect his hones ty, form, texture, clarity and function. Kelvin and his team members made the school Preshill to reconstruct its regular design, irregular angles and forms and complex structures. Each building of the school was made with beams and raw timbers. The rooms were fitted with clerestory windows and sliding glass doors were used. The internal space can be used for various purposes by dividing it to the folding doors. To the main space, many small spaces were attached where children were provided with elevated platforms for their playing purposes. The diagram provided above is the School Hall at Margaret Lyttle Memorial School situated in the areas of Australia. The researcher has estimated and manipulated several intellectual strategies relating to the content of an architectural concept of an Australian region. Conclusion This entire assignment concludes with the broad concept of Melbourne architecture with the expressionist tendencies of three individuals namely Griffins, Kevin Borland and Edmond Corrigan (a rebellion). The researcher has discussed several strategies and manipulation relating to the content of an Australian architecture. The researcher has discussed the Criticism on the Contribution of Griffins in architecture and the Criticism on the Contribution of Edmond and Corrigan in architecture. For complementing the growing orthodoxy of the fresh corporatism in America, an anti-modern visual was emerging. Their design was influenced by the theme and objective of the construction therefore; they get the acceptance very quickly. It can be easily estimated and manifested that Kelvin Borland was reputed educators and designers of substance and originality. The concepts of polychromic bricks in Melbourne architecture has been succeeded instantly. The architectural concept in Australia was changi ng in the time of 1975 (First World War I). The researcher has articulated the following pictorial diagrams relating to the concept of Melbourne architecture; Giurgolas Parliament House which include W. B. Griffin and M. M. Griffin, Corrigan, Edmond, Rice house, Olympic Swimming Stadium, Glan Waver House and Mchutchisons House. From the architectural designs it can be easily stated the beliefs in making reversed changes provide unique styles to the Melbourne buildings and make it a national model of experimental and optimistic period. The researcher has maintained and manipulated that many new and latest innovative architecture are fascinated like Olympic Swimming Stadium by Kelvin Borland. This entire essay is very useful and helpful for the readers as it is totally based in argumentative fundamentals. The researcher has discussed the detailed analysis of Melbourne architecture with the concept of expressionism article style in which the professionals artist seeks to depict the re ality image with that of segregated region. More specifically, the entire architecture of Australia depicts the professions of German artists. Bibliography Frederick Romberg and the Problem of European Authenticity, in Roger Butler (ed.), The Europeans: migr Artists in Australia 1930-1960, Australian National Gallery, Canberra, 1997 Heralds of Free Enterprise: in James Sabine, (ed,) A Century of Australian Cinema, AFI-Heinemann, Melbourne, 1995, pp. 85-11, 213-15 Frederick Romberg, Architect, in Leslie Bodi and Stephen Jeffries (eds.) The German Connection, Monash University, Melbourne, 1985, pp. 55-72 Life on the Sunlit Plain: Australias Architecture in the Age of Modernist Triumph , in Kirsty Grant (ed.), Mid-Century Modern: Australian Furniture Design, NGV, Melbourne, 2014, pp. 126-143; see also Neil Clerehan, The Architect, pp. 40-43; Mary Featherston, The Designer, pp. 144-159 A History of Australian Architecture, Part 3, 1900-1945, Educational Media, Melbourne, 1985. Slide images, audio tape, small book Apperly, Richard, Irving, Robert and Reynolds, Peter, Identifying Australian Architecture, Styles and ---, 1788 to the Present, Angus and Robertson, Sydney, 1989. Esp. Interwar and early Postwar sections. Architecture, 1917-57, Melbourne University Press, 2007 Boyd, Robin, Victorian Modern: 111 Years of Modern Architecture in the State of Victoria, Australia, RVIA Students Society, Melbourne, 1947. Burns, Karen (ed.,) Transition, special issue on the Griffins, , essays by James Weirick, Karen Burns, Michael Markham, Anna Rubbo Conrad Hamann, Early Romberg, Architecture Australia, 66, 2, April-May 1977, pp. 68-75, notes in the following issue, July 1977, pp. 62-63 Cuffley, Peter, Australian Houses of the 1920s and 1930s, Five Mile, Melbourne, 1989, 1994 ff. , Australian Houses of the 1940s and 1950s, Five Mile, Melbourne, 1993, 2007 Duncan, Jenepher, Gates, Merryn, Walter Burley Griffin: a Re-View, Monash University, Melbourne, 1988. Essays by James Weirick, Anna Rubbo, Conrad Hamann Edquist, Harriet: Frederick Romberg: The Architecture of Migration, RMIT Exhibition Gallery, Melbourne, 2000, using contempora ry photography by Wolfgang Sievers and Romberg himself. Freeland J M (Max), Architecture in Australia: A History, Cheshire, then Penguin, Melbourne, 1968 ff. esp. sections on Modernism Fry, Tony, The Photomodern, Transition, 1986, or his Design History Australia, Hale and Iremonger, Sydney, 1989 Goad, Philip, Melbourne Architecture, esp. Bryce Raworth and others, Between the Wars 1920-1930, pp. [106]-129; Philip Goad, The Moderne City 1930-1945, pp. [130]-151; and Post-war Recovery 1945-1955, pp. [152]-171. Hamann, Conrad. Cities of Hope Remembered: Cities of Hope Rehearsed: Australian Architecture Stage Design by Edmond Corrigan 1962-2012. Fishermans Bend, Vic. : Thames Hudson Australia, 2012. Hamann, Conrad. Cities of Hope: Australian Architecture and Design by Edmond and Corrigan, 1962-1992, Melbourne; New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. (Available from the Library Reserve). Howard Tanner, ed, contrib.), Architects of Australia, Macmillan, Melbourne, 1981 esp Chapters 13, 14 and 15 by Donald Johnson on Walter Burley Griffin 1876-1937 pp. 107-118; Ian and Maisy Stapleton, C Bruce Dellitt 1900-42 and Emil Sodersten 1901-61, pp. 119-128; Conrad Hamann, Roy Grounds 1905- [1981], Frederick Romberg 1913- [1992] and Robin Boyd 1919-1971, pp. 129-139. Notes for these chapters are on pp. 143-4. Johnson, Donald, Australian Architecture 1901-51: Sources of Modernism, University of New South Wales Press, Sydney, 1980 Julie Willis, Australian Modern: The Architecture of Stephenson and Turner, Miegunyah, Melbourne, 2004 Kevin Borland: Architecture from the Heart, edited by D. Evans with H. C. Borland, C. Hamann, Melbourne: RMIT Publishing, 2006. (Available from the Library Reserve). McDougall, Ian. Speculating on a Traditional Avant-Garde, Express Australia, New York: Express Annual 1984, pp.32-33. (Week 12 Reading from Blackboard). Munday, Richard. Passion in the Suburbs, Architecture Australia, Vol, No.1, Architecture Australia with Passion in the Suburbs, vol. 66, no.1 (February-March 1977) pp. 52-61. Nilsson, Mary, Ferson, Mark, Art Deco in Australia: Sunrise over the Pacific, Craftsman House, Sydney, 2002 Stephen, Anne, McNamara, Andrew, Goad, Philip, Modernism and Australia: Documents on Art, Design and Taylor, Jennifer, A History of Australian Architecture, Part 4: On from the 1940s, Educational Media, Melbourne, slide images, audio tape, small book. Thorne, Ross, Cinemas of Australia: via USA, University of Sydney, 1982 Turnbull, Jeff and Navaretti, Peter Y. The Griffins in Australia and India: The Complete Works and Projects of Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony Griffin, Melbourne : Miegunyah Press, 1998. (Available from the Library Reserve). Turnbull, Jeffrey, Navaretti, Peter, The Griffins in Australia and India, Melbourne University Press, 1994 Van Daele, Patrick, Lumby, Roy, A Spirit of Progress: Art Deco Architecture in Australia, Craftsman House, Sydney, 1997 Watson, Anne, Beyond Architecture: Marion Mahony and Walter Bu rley Griffin in America, Australia and India, Powerhouse, Sydney, 1998Weirick, James. The Griffins and Modernism, Transition: Discourse on Architecture, No. 24, Autumn, 1988, pp.5- 13.

Persuasive Essay The Ultimate Guide on Writing It - On College Life and Writing

A persuasive essay is a type of academic writing where you use logic and arguments to convince readers of your point of view, using solid evidence such as research, stating facts, examples, and quotes from experts.Oh, no. Essays Again!image by GratisographyEssay types are many, and students have to know them all, as well as understand the difference between them. What to do if a professor assigns a persuasive essay to you? Here youll find the ultimate guide on writing persuasive essays, including the tips on choosing a topic, outlining your essay, structuring it step by step, representing strong arguments to convince readers of your position, and examples/additional resources to check for better essay writing.So, here we go!Table of Contents:What is a persuasive essay?Persuasive essay topicsPersuasive essay structureHow to use arguments in persuasive essaysFive elements of persuasion in your essayHow to write a persuasive essay: step by stepChoose your positionDo researchIdentify the strongest evidenceWrite a persuasive essay outlineWrite a draft of your persuasive essayProofread and editPersuasive essay samplesWhat is a Persuasive Essay?A persuasive essay is one in which you use logic and arguments to convince readers of your point of view. For that, you need to provide solid evidence for arguments, such as research, stating facts, examples, quotes from experts, and logical reasons.Persuasive essays are also known as argumentative. However, theres a difference between these two essay types:In argumentative essays, you show both sides of the coin to readers. You describe all arguments and counterarguments, even if you dont agree with some of them, and its up to readers to decide which works best.In persuasive essays, you choose a side and represent arguments only about this aspect to convince readers of the truth of your words.Persuasive Essay TopicsFor your persuasive essay to succeed, its topic needs to be polemical rather than expository. It means you cant a rgue about common knowledge such as People need air to breathe. But something like People need marijuana for better health might work.Sometimes professors assign a particular topic for you to write. But more often than not, they ask to choose a topic of your interest and craft a persuasive essay in a given time.The best polemical issues to use for a persuasive essay include spheres like culture, politics, climate changes, gender issues, animal rights, and religion. But sure enough, you can choose anything that worries you if you enough arguments to persuade readers of your position.Here goes the list of persuasive essay topics for you to consider (first appeared at ThoughtCo):Beginner Persuasive Essay Topics for BeginnersWhy give money to kids for high grades.Students dont need homework to succeed.Winter is the best time for a family holiday.We dont need so many days off.Children should take part in elections.Cats are better pets than dogs.People arent alone in the universe.Village is better than city to visit in summerEvening schools are best to visit.We shouldnt investigate black holes.People cant eat animals.Kids shouldnt spend hours online.Robots should displace teachers.We shouldnt travel alone.Adults need to give food to the poor.Intermediate Persuasive Essay Topics for IntermediatesPoetry affects a persons morals.We do not need to protect nature from climate change.People dont need the truth.Classical works are outdated.The greatest happiness for man is love.Independence today is greatly exaggerated.We should not devote our lives to love.Higher education is not a guarantee of success.It is necessary to fight for life.Every American should learn a foreign language.Art does not calm down but worries people.There is no equality in friendship.An active life position determines success.Wealth spoils a persons morals.Defeat is not bad.Everyone is able to change history.Progress deprives a person of the ability to be surprised.Being selfish is good.YouTube wil l never replace a book.A child does not have to love his parents.Parents should not control their children.Dreams do harm.Goodness does not always have to overcome evil.Why money is the most important thing in a persons life.A person should not forgive every offender.Students shouldnt wear uniforms at school.Money spoils people.We shouldnt teach music in schools.Nuclear weapons are effective to prevent foreign attacks.People should read more books.Advanced Persuasive Essay Topics for AdvancedKids under 10 shouldnt use social media.Teens should become full-aged in 18, not 21.We should cancel Green Cards in the USA.Revenge is a way to destroy evil.Its time to approve one currency for the whole world.The power of kindness is in its weakness.There is no difference between cruelty and severity.It is not easy to be kind.We need to allow surveillance without a warrant.Parents should talk about drugs with kids at an early age.Racial insults should be illegal.People who leave their pets shou ld be imprisoned.The President must pay attention to climate change.Marijuana should be legalized throughout the country.Pupils should be allowed to pray at school.Internet access should be free for everyone.Eating meat is bad.Life is worse now than it was 100 years ago.It is necessary to cancel the mandatory exams in schools.All people should become vegetarians.Public safety is more important than a persons right to inviolability.It is necessary to ban animal experiments.Single-sex schools improve the quality of education.Feminism is no longer a struggle for womens rights.Tolerance has already begun to transcend all boundaries.We need better sex education in schools.Freedom of religion does not mean imposing ones faith on others.Freedom of speech should be restricted.Make sure to choose a persuasive essay topic that inspires but also gives you materials to research. If you cant find any strong arguments to support your statement, your persuasive essay will hardly get an A.Also, fee l free to consider these topics when thinking of what to write in your essay. They are up-to-date, with tons of debates in literature and online, so youll cover any of them by all means.Topics to Choose for Your Next Persuasive Essay Evolution Privacy rights Gun control Vaccines Animal rights Religious freedom Abortion Cannabis legalization Global climate changes Marriage rights Punishment Free market capitalismEvery topic from the above is quite debatable and has both advocates and opponents. The Quad shares the links to them all, so if you decide to write a persuasive essay on any controversial topic from the list, you can learn arguments and find evidence from both sides of the fence.Persuasive Essay StructureThe structure of your persuasive essay is not that difficult to remember and follow.Given that you need to convince a reader of your arguments, youll first need to state a thesis in your essay introduction, and then write a couple of paragraphs to share the evidence that sup port your thesis. Dont forget to include counterarguments from your opponents but explain why you disagree with them.And finally, write a conclusion restating your thesis and providing a reader with food for thought.Persuasive Essay StructureIntroduction: hook, background, thesis.Body: 1-2 paragraphs, each with an argument and supporting evidence.Body: 1 paragraph, with your opponents arguments and your counterarguments on why you still disagree.Conclusion: sum up your points, restate your thesis, and leave readers with food for thought.In the introduction, describe the problem and state the point youre trying to make. Also, think of a strong hook for readers to understand why they should care.In body paragraphs, support your thesis with evidence from credible resources. Leave one paragraph for counterargument: what your opponents have to say on the issue and why you still disagree. Use logical arguments and research to convince readers.In the conclusion, wrap up your persuasive ess ay by restating your thesis. You may end it with a question for readers to think about.How to Use Arguments in Persuasive EssaysFirst and foremost, you need to understand the basic principles of persuasive writing and know the five elements of persuasion.Given that you need to get others to accept your point of view, your arguments in the essay should be reasonable, verifiable, and credible enough. More than that, you need to appeal to human logic and emotions. The right combination of emotional and rational elements is what makes your essay persuasive.How to reach that?Remember the basic principles of persuasive writing, described by Aristotle many moons ago. He called them elements of rhetoric, and they were three: Ethos (appealing to a writers character and credibility): use authoritative resources to prove your arguments.Example: Im a Doctor of Dental Surgery, and I recommend this toothpaste to keep your teeth white. Pathos (appealing to emotions): focus on a readers morals, v alues, and beliefs.Example: You just cant be cool in high school without a white smile! How to communicate with peers if you worry about your teeth and freshness? Thats where a good toothpaste will help. Logos (appealing to reason): use logic and evidence to persuade others to agree with you.Example: Recent studies conclude that this toothpaste removes 40% more plague and makes our teeth 20% whiter than all other types of toothpaste.The above and more examples: Your DictionaryEthos, Pathos and LogosUnlike logos and pathos, ethos is not about writing itself but your reputation as a writer. For example, readers of your essay will trust you and agree with you because they know you as a good student who spends tons of time exploring this topic. Or, millions trust Kim Kardashian because shes a world-famous media persona, not a random girl off the street. Her popularity is her ethos. In the context of essays, you can reference to credible personas and organizations in your work. Their et hos is what can help your arguments sound persuasive.Five Elements of Persuasion in Your EssayPersuasive essays have no paragraph limits. You can write one body paragraph to explain your position, and another paragraph – to describe counterarguments of your opponents and why you disagree. Or, you are welcome to write 2-3-4 paragraphs with arguments and counterarguments to persuade readers.But heres what matters:For your persuasive essay to sound credible and argumentative, make sure it has the following five elements inside:Your clear position. Make your thesis narrow in focus. It can be a claim, a fact, a definition, a solution, or a call of judgment. Feel free to use our thesis statement generator to introduce the idea of your essay. It should present your position on the topic.Effective communication. Hook the audiences attention with some background information on the topic. You can start with a question, inviting them to keep on reading to find out your opinion. Use stra ightforward language, dont manipulate with readers emotions.It’s all about pathos: your writing voice and style is more likely to persuade readers than boring and vague language with tons of grammar mistakes.Your solid (+ credible) argument. Make it logical, consistent, and fact-based. It should address the interests of those you want to persuade and be endorsed by authoritative third parties.Consider your audience. What do they already know about the topic? What do they think of it? Do they agree or disagree, and what are the chances to change their opinion? Are there any sensitive issues about the topic?Remember the formula: one paragraph = one argument + one reason why you think like that. And make each reason logically connected to your thesis statement.What evidence can you use to support arguments?proven factsstatisticsdefinitionsresearchquotes from expertsexamples to illustrate your point of view, including your personal experiencerelevant emotional appealsThis guy fro m Smrt English will help you get a better idea of what its all about. Perfect for those who choose watching over reading. 😉Clear structure. Organize your persuasive essay so every argument would relate to the thesis. Start with the weaker argument and build your essay up to the stronger point for readers to remember the most convincing information.And pay attention to transitions and connections between paragraphs to show the relationships between arguments in the essay and make it easy to follow.Strong conclusion. Restate your thesis in the light of the evidence youve provided in the essay. Make your conclusion logically draw from your arguments.How to Write a Persuasive Essay: Step by StepThe most common questions students ask are how to start a persuasive essay and how to end a persuasive essay.But they forget one tiny detail here:They need to take at least four steps before the actual essay writing. Here it goes, the process of persuasive essay writing, step by step:Sour ce: GiphyStep 1 – Choose Your PositionA persuasive essay is called so because the issue you describe there is polemical. It means you can argue both for and against it. But its crucial to decide which side you are going to support before writing your essay. In other words, you need to know the purpose of your persuasive essay.For example, if you are going to write about global warming or green marketing but you personally believe that its not the problem of Herculean proportions, you can choose the corresponding position to describe in your essay. But:Make sure you can find enough evidence to support it. For a persuasive essay, it should be based on solid research and credible arguments. Do you have them to back your cynicism about the climate change problem?Step 2 – Do ResearchTo convince readers of your position, you need to know the topic inside out and understand it from multiple angles. And given that your persuasive essay should provide convincing evidence for yo ur claims, youll have to do research to find them.Its not only about your personal experience and knowledge but also academic studies, historical examples, relevant media news, and expert opinions. To gather them, you might need to visit libraries or interview opinion leaders. Or, you might want to send them emails and ask for their expert thoughts to use as references in the essay.When choosing evidence and resources to cite in your essay, consider the CRAAP test to evaluate them:How to Evaluate Sources and Understand if You Can Use Them as References in Essays The CRAAP method:Yes, it takes time. So make sure to save it for research and dont cut it close the deadline. Vague assumptions and unverified information wont work here.Step 3 – Identify the Strongest EvidenceOnce the research is ready, you may have many different aspects to cover the topic. But you cant write about all of them. Choose the one with the strongest evidence that will help to support your position, and c oncentrate on it for stating the thesis of your persuasive essay.Dont hurry up to choose the most commonly argued aspect. If youve gathered enough evidence for a rarely discussed problem around your topic and essay purpose – focus on it.For example, if you claim that people have no impact on global warming and youve found a few latest but not-yet-widely discussed studies on the topic, it might be great evidence to provide.Step 4 – Write a Persuasive Essay OutlineAnd now, for the most interesting part:Outline writing.Before you sit and start a persuasive essay, write its plan. Its a kinda map for you to understand how your essay will look, and it helps you make sure you don’t miss anything from its structure.Here is the template for you to use:Persuasive Essay OutlineI. Introductiona) Lead/Hook (quote, question, anecdote) b) Lead/Hook explanation c) Thesis StatementII. Body. Paragraph-1a) Topic Sentence (the first main point in the thesis) b) Quote (to support th e point) c) Explanation of the quote d) Explanation of how this quote relates to the thesisIII. Body. Paragraph-2a) Topic Sentence (the second main point in the thesis) b) Quote (to support the point) c) Explanation of the quote d) Explanation of how this quote relates to the thesisIV. Body. Paragraph-3a) Topic Sentence (the third main point in the thesis, or a counterargument to the thesis) b) Quote (to support the point) c) Explanation of the quote d) Explanation of how this quote relates to the thesisV. Conclusiona) Summary of all main points b) Thesis restatement c) Call to action or what you want readers to do after reading your essayThe outline allows you to specify all core components of your persuasive essay so you wouldnt get lost in the writing process.Step 5 – Write a Draft of Your Persuasive EssayFinally!Once the outline is ready, just sit and write your essay. Dont concentrate on spelling or grammar mistakes, and dont get distracted from the process of writing it self. Just let your thoughts flow, dont hurry up to edit.Source: GiphyAfter youve finished the draft, put it aside, and wait for a couple of hours or a day. You need some time between the writing process and proofreading/editing your essay: it helps to judge your work with a fresh eye and see if there are any weak points to revise.Step 6 – Proofread and EditIts not about spell check only. When editing a persuasive essay, you need to re-check arguments once again, make sure your language is appropriate (avoid pompous or jargon phrases), and the overall essay structure isnt too complex.Questions to answer when editing:Editing Your Essay: Questions to Answer Did I answer the question given in the assignment? Did I structure my essay right? Did I make all paragraphs clear and coherent? Did I use the appropriate language throughout my essay? Did I cite and reference all resources in the right way? Did I exceed the word limit? Did I proofread my essay for spelling and gramma r errors? Did I present the assignment well?Also, you can use free editing apps and tools to check your persuasive essay for errors. For example, the Hemingway App will help to make your writing concise; Grammarly will spot spelling, punctuation, and style mistakes; and ProWritingAid will count the words in your essay and also fix your grammar mistakes.But if it still sounds difficult to you, feel free to ask academic writers and editors for the professional help. Theyll comment on your mistakes so youll improve writing skills and craft your future essay better.Persuasive Essay SamplesThats all well and fine, but are there any examples of how a great persuasive essay looks?Here go samples for your consideration.(Note! Samples are aimed for assistance purposes only: dont plagiarize them and dont copy their parts to use in own papers. Instead, ask our writers for help – and youll get an A-worthy essay right away.)Additional Persuasive Essay Resources:Persuasive Essay FormatThe Basic Principles of Persuasive WritingPersuasive Essay ElementsHow to Do Research for an Excellent EssayHow to Start a Persuasive Essay and How to End a Persuasive EssayLessons on Persuasive Essay Writing

empowered addiction essays

empowered addiction essays It is about 1:30 in the morning, and the insomnia bug hits you. You cant go to sleep and you dont want to wake your roommate up by turning on the T.V. You jump off the top bunk, inaudibly and put your slippers on. But wait a second, where are you going to go. All of a sudden an image appears in the corner of your hazy eyes. You can literally see a glared message. You relax yourself and finally recognize that it is the screensaver you programmed on the computer. All of a sudden you jump in front of it and by the push of one button, you are off on the Internet super highway. I know that I am not the only one addicted to it. If you're an Internet user, you know who you are. They are among many of us in society, although many may choose to not acknowledge that they too, frequently use the Internet. As I logged on to AOL, the infamous voice rang you got mail. I quickly turned down the speaker. I then went in and entered a chat room about the recent tragedies. As soon as I loo ked over to the clock at the nearest convenience, it read 4:30. The craving for the Internet hits many CBU students. The addiction begins innocently. At the start, you are not even aware of the possibilities that may form from your excessive computer use. You begin to take an avid interest in e-mailing with your friends and family. Once the novelty of keeping in touch with your colleagues wears off, and researching starts to bore you, you may possibly expand your computer usage to chatting. Yes, chatting. It is something that is becoming more acceptable in our lives, but it is still looked down upon by many skeptics. Chatting through the Internet involves choosing an appropriate nickname for yourself (IE: Fisherman), and then finding a room where you feel compelled to spend time in. Once you've entered the room, other fellow chatters may say, "Hello...a/s/l (age/sex/location) please." At CBU, all comput...

Good TOEFL Scores for Top Universities

Good TOEFL Scores for Top Universities The TOEFL, or Test of English as a Foreign Language, is designed to measure the English proficiency of non-English speaking people. Many universities require this test for admittance for people who typically speak a language other than English. Although the test isnt necessarily a competitive exam (college admissions officers arent using the scores like they would the GRE or SAT), it is an incredibly important  exam because a good TOEFL score is not subjective.  Among the 8,500 universities that accept TOEFL scores, each university to which you submit your TOEFL score has a published minimum score they accept. There are no, Is my score good enough? worries because universities and colleges publish the absolute minimum scores they will accept on this exam. The TOEFL process is pretty straight-forward. The only reason youd need to retake the test is if you did not make the minimum score requirement of the university or college to which you are thinking of applying.   To find out the minimum TOEFL score requirement for the school to which youre interested in applying, contact the universitys admissions office or check out the website. Each school typically publishes their minimum TOEFL requirements.   Here are a few examples of good TOEFL scores, based on the best universities in the United States. Good TOEFL Scores for Top Public Universities University of California - Berkeley TOEFL iBT: 68TOEFL Paper:570 University of California - Los Angeles TOEFL iBT: 87TOEFL Paper:560 University of Virginia TOEFL iBT: 80TOEFL Paper:550 University of Michigan - Ann Arbor TOEFL iBT: 88 - 106TOEFL Paper: 570 - 610 University of California - Berkeley TOEFL iBT: 79TOEFL Paper:550 Good TOEFL Scores for Top Private Universities Princeton University TOEFL iBT: 108TOEFL Paper: does not typically accept Harvard University TOEFL iBT: 100TOEFL Paper: 600 Yale University TOEFL iBT: 100TOEFL Paper:600 Columbia University TOEFL iBT: 100TOEFL Paper:600 Stanford University TOEFL iBT: 100TOEFL Paper:600 TOEFL Score Info for the Internet-Based Test As you can see from the numbers above, the TOEFL iBT is scored much differently from the paper-based test. Below, you can see the ranges for high, intermediate and low TOEFL scores for the test taken online.   Reading Skills: High: 22-30 points; Intermediate: 15-21 points; Low: 0-14 pointsListening Skills: High: 22-30 points; Intermediate: 14-21 points; Low: 0-13 pointsSpeaking Skills: Good: 3.5-4.0; Fair: 2.5-3.0; Limited: 1.5-2.0; Weak: 0-1.0Writing Skills: Good: 4.0-5.0; Fair: 2.0-3.0; Limited: 1.0-2.0 The Speaking and Writing sections are converted to a 0-30 scale like the Reading and Listening sections. If you add them all together, which is how the scores are tabulated, the highest total score possible you could receive is a 120 on the TOEFL IBT.   TOEFL Score Info for the Paper-Based Test The TOEFL paper test is quite different. Here, scores range from from 31 on the low end to 68 on the highest end of three separate sections. Hence, the highest total score you can hope to achieve is a 677 on the paper-based test.   Listening Comprehension: Score range: 31 (low) - 68 (high)Structure/Written Expression:Score range: 31 (low) - 68 (high)Reading Comprehension: Score range: 31 (low) - 67 (high)Total Score:  Score range: 310 (low) - 677 (high) Boosting Your TOEFL Score If you are on the fringe of getting the TOEFL score you would like, but have taken the test or numerous practice tests, and just arent quite getting to that minimum, then consider using some of these test prep options to help you out. First, figure out which method of test prep suits you best - an app, a book, a tutor, a test prep course or a combination. Then, use the TOEFL Go Anywhere free prep offered by ETS to get started on preparing for this exam the right way.

Reagan's early life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reagan's early life - Essay Example Even nowadays a phenomenon of a successful charismatic leadership of Reagan is of great interest for the society and the world’s society. His communicative leadership skills enabled him to reach success. This was one of the most important factors on the way to his success. This President was sincere and tried to respect anyone. He communicated with people fairly and always talked to them sincerely. He was sure that a successful leader had many opportunities to work at, develop communicative skills, leadership features, and find the best approach to promote his leadership potential. There is a need to support background for leadership features and any individual can become a leader, but there are special techniques to promote leadership features. His first step to success can be found in his â€Å"to think globally and act locally†. He was the author of the phrase that America is a great country and the leader should be focused on the great dreams. Reagan was much focused on promotion of leadership communicative skills among the members of his team. During his communication, Reagan inspired his people to make relevant steps and introduced his creative, innovative and realistic vision in his main goals’ setting and development. Reagan was named â€Å"The Great Communicator†, because he used vivid expressions and always reflected love to his country. He could communicate the most challenging issues to his subordinates in the easiest manner. He was fond of his country and his speeches were always positive and the country was named â€Å"the shining city on the hill† and it was the greatest in the world (For Vision and Leadership; Godspeed to Mr. Reagan, 2004). The essence of liberation and freedom were two main concerns for Reagan, because his country liberated enslaved nations. Reagan did not make an attempt to micromanage his tasks. He tried to be involved in different problems’ solving. He initiated a participatory

Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management - Assignment Example Managing performance is an ongoing activity that involves identification of performance measures, implementation of the performance management system, evaluation of performance outcomes and provision of feedback for improvement purposes (Kammerer, 2009). Importance of measures of organizational and managerial performance of Mid Staffordshire Hospital Trust Organisational performance measures assess how well the organisation contributes to the attainment of its vision, mission and strategic goals. Managerial performance measures focus on how well the management plans, organises and allocates limited resources in an efficient and effective manner towards the attainment of organisational goals (Kammerer, 2009). Measures of organisational and managerial performance are importance since they enable the organization to meet the demands of external accountability and foster strong sense of internal accountability. Measures of performance provide the basis of implementing organisational stra tegies through identifying the expected performance goals. The measures allow for collaboration through integrating the objectives of the organisation with the key performance indicators (Kammerer, 2009). ... The measures will enable Mid Staffordshire NHS hospital to improve communication with external stakeholders such as suppliers of medical equipment and government regulatory agencies. The measures of performance justify expenditure and costs in the organisation through ensuring cost-effectiveness and identifying the value for money committed towards improvement of organisational processes (Niven, 2005). Advantages and disadvantages of using balanced scorecard approach to organizational and managerial performance Balanced scorecard was developed by Robert Kaplan in early 1990s, but has certain advantages and disadvantages as a measure of both organizational and managerial performance. Balanced scorecard translates the mission and business strategy in to a comprehensive set of performance measures that cater for the overall organization. In addition, the performance measurement tool acts as a communication tool since it outlines the employee expectations and aims at ensuring periodic ev aluation of the performance standards (Christensen, 2008). According to Daft (2010), the tool integrates both short-term and long-term measures of performance and forms the basis of employee compensation. Ideally, balanced scorecard offers an advantage as performance management system since it breaks down strategic measures to the bottom level units such as department, clinical units, and individual staff within the organization. Balanced scorecard enhances creativity and innovation in the organisation through continuous learning and growth opportunities for the staff and improvement of the processes (Ginter, Duncan & Swayne, 2013). Lastly, the performance management tool leads to unique competitive advantage through improved decision-making and improved processes in the entire

The Tragedy of Julius Caesar Essay Example for Free

The Tragedy of Julius Caesar Essay Character List: Flavius tribune who breaks up crowd waiting to honor Caesars triumph Marcellus tribune who breaks up crowd waiting to honor Caesars triumph Julius Caesar Emperor of Rome Casca first to stab Caesar Calpurnia Caesars wife Mark Antony devoted follower of Caesar; defeats Brutus Soothsayer warns Caesar to Beware the Ides of March Brutus joins and then leads the conspiracy to kill Caesar Cassius organizes the conspiracy and gets Brutus to join Cicero Roman Senator Casca to whom talks on the eve of the assassination Cinna plants the forged letter for Cassius, also a conspirator Cinna (the poet) mistaken for Cinna the conspirator Lucius servant to Brutus Decius reinterprets Calpurnias dream and convinces Caesar to go to Senate Metellus distracts Caesars attention so conspirators can carry out their plan Trebonius takes Antony away from the assassination scene so he wont interfere Portia wife of Brutus Ligarius vows to follow Brutus Publius one of many who escort Caesar to the Senate meeting Artemidorus gives Caesar a letter of warning naming the conspirators Papilius wishes Cassius well in his enterprise Octavius heir of Julius Caesar Lepidus joins with Octavius and Antony, used by Octavius and Antony Pindarus servant to Cassius Lucilius captured by Antonys soldiers, mistaken for Brutus Messala reports Portias death, discovers Cassius body Varro servant of Brutus Claudius servant of Brutus Titinius officer, guards tent at Sardis Cato soldier in army of Brutus and Cassius Clitus servant of Brutus, refused to kill Brutus Dardanius servant of Brutus, refused to kill Brutus Volumnius friend and soldier to Brutus, refuses to hold Brutus sword Strato holds Brutus suicide sword Act I 1. In Scene I, what do Flavius and Marcellus want the commoners to do? They want the commoners to break up and move along; they dont want them to celebrate Caesars triumphs. 2. What is the Soothsayers advice to Caesar? The Soothsayer told Caesar to Beware the Ides of March. 3. Explain the difference between the views of Caesar held by Cassius and Brutus. Cassius openly wants Caesar out of power. He is jealous and wants better for himself. Brutus has been thinking about Caesar and the state of his countrymen, and at this point is ready to listen to Cassius. Although Brutus loves Caesar, he recognizes Caesars flaws. 4. Caesar clearly gives his thoughts about Cassius. What does he say? Caesar says that Cassius has a lean and hungry look. He thinks too much and such men are dangerous. 5. Summarize Cascas explanation of why Caesar looked so sad. Antony offered Caesar a crown. When he refused it, the crowd cheered. So, although Caesar really wanted the crown, he at that point could not publicly accept it. Then he had a seizure. 6. At the end of Scene II in lines 312 326, Cassius makes plans. What plans does he make? Why? He is going to forge notes to Brutus from several citizens in order to help sway Brutus against Caesar. 7. Casca says, For I believe they are portentous things/Unto the climate that they point upon. What does he mean? He thinks the list of unnatural sights he has just told Cicero about are signs of the tragedy about to unfold in their country. 8. Why does Cassius want Brutus to join the conspiracy? Brutus is a favorite of the people. He is honorable and well-thought-of.

Depravity and Destruction in Blood Meridian Essay -- Blood Meridian Es

Depravity and Destruction in Blood Meridian Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian is a passionate, lyrical, and ugly novel of depravity and destruction of life in the Old West. It is a story of a hellish journey where violence and corruption are currency in a life of murder and treachery. Contrasting scenes of scenic beauty, poetically described by McCarthy, are negated by his gruesome accounts of despicable scenes of human cruelty in the examination of evil. Like all of McCarthy's earlier novels, Blood Meridian (1985) had a lukewarm arrival to the literary world in the sense of sales and publicity, in part due to McCarthy's own aversion to self-promotion (Woodward 28). Yet critics and scholars were captivated by the mindless violence of the story and its tale of deceit, genocide, and gruesome realities set around the US-Mexico border in the 1840's (James 31). Blood Meridian, McCarthy's fifth book, was received with a variety of reactions from critics. Terence Moran, though finding McCarthy's writing to be "evocative," believed the author "failed in Blood Meridian to retell a simple Western in his haunting, original voice" (37). Conversely, Steven Shaviro wrote, "Cormac McCarthy, the solitary poet of his exultation, is our greatest living author...[this novel] manifests a sublime visionary power that is matched only by a still more ferocious irony" (144). This novel, due to its candid narration of barbarous events, prevails as one of a few books which challenge traditional molds of literature. Not a story of the redeemable antagonist or the helpless victim, Blood Meridian blurs the lines of sanctity and depravity in this lawless and demoralized land. This examination of the most unimaginable e... ...stence in a world of depravity that seems foreign to the reader, but is all too normal in the world created in the book (147). As the novel tells of the kid's appalling journey, much of the action seen is centered around Judge Holden. The mysterious, malignant man varies in interpretation from godlike to child-like. Many critics have commented on Holden's manipulative power, ability to remain unchanged by years, and his appearance in several places at what seems the same time. Many lines are drawn between Judge Holden and the devil (Wallach 125). Though not a literary success in terms of book sales and overall recognition, Cormac McCarthy's Blood Meridian tells and intriguing story in a light in which the Old West is rarely seen. Conscienceless violence, devil-like characters, and breathtaking scenery fill this novel uninhibited by morality or rectitude.

Editing and Conclusion

Examine this conclusion paragraph. Work to create a better conclusion using the strategies you reviewed in your readings and the â€Å"How to Conclude† handout. Don’t forget to also edit and proofread the paragraph for other kinds of writing mistakes. As my report states, you will not always you’re entire life have to devote yourselves to cleening up the enviroment in order to make a differance to the World. Therefore, we should all put more enargy in to re cycling.Its made a difference in my house because we useto have more trash then we do now since we re cycle. Also, seperating is good. I hope you enjoyed reading my paper on re cycling. THE END 🙂 To sum it all up, there are more than a million ways to make a lasting change in the world. From the littlest effort of picking up my own trash to the more serious act of initiating garbage disposal in my own community.This does not require one to devote one's whole life to a single cause rather to be aware a nd do a little something to alleviate the effects of the problem. Thus, I believe that we should put more energy into recycling materials especially those that can be made into something useful or as a source of income. Recycling has made quite a difference in my household and I hope that it can do the same thing for most people.

Human motivation Essay

Success is not what we get, success is what we achieve and this success we get from Motivation, whether you are appearing for final exams, you are a player or a singer or in Army fighting battles in the field, you will reach the pinnacle of success only if you are motivated. Motivation is your desire and your impulse, which can make you break the icebergs. The word Motivation was derived from the Latin word â€Å"movere†, meaning to move. (Romando, 2007). There are many theories describing the human’s tendency towards motivation; but here I am dealing with five theories, which influences and determines the human behavior. †¢ Self Determination Theory †¢ Humanistic Theory †¢ Instinct Theory †¢ Cognitive theory †¢ Need Theory Every human being needs motivation to grow, which he attains from several sources like his own self -realization, listening to music, nature, Society etc. The influence of Society motivates the person towards actualization of their goals and allows them to make decisions. The self-determination theory has been into practice since last three decades and constitutes set of four mini theories, cognitive evaluation theory, organismic integration theory, Causality orientations theory and basic needs theory. (Faculty at the University of Rochester, 2007). As Shapiro in 1981 said, â€Å" The key issue for self-direction, is flexibility in psychological structures-the flexibility that allows ones attitudes to direct action towards the active achievements of one’s aims†. (Deci, M Ryan, 1985) Self Determination theory deals with the extent to which the inner tendencies of humans impel them for psychological growth and development, take most challenging tasks and integrate their life experiences for their satisfaction and fulfillment of their self. Although, these are natural tendencies, which determine and motivate humans but are only fulfilled by influence and support of the social environment. It is the society, which provides an individual healthy environment, nutrients and basic psychological needs enabling him or her to think and make choice independently and rationally. (Beck, 2003) Self- Determination permits the person to positively involve taking risks and incorporating in the social fabric of society. Especially for the persons with disabilities, self-determination acts as a medicine boosting their self-esteem. (Faculty at the University of Rochester, 2007) Another aspect to this theory is the value of risk taking. The self determined humans are also not devoid of risks too, their over confidence can take them on the downward slide of career path. External coercion, without giving independent thought too may affect humans psychologically and mentally. Humans also go by their instinct to accomplish a task or to move ahead in the journey of their life. Sigmand Freud and William James brought forth the instinct theory to capture the intricate nature of human beings. The inclination of humans to act and think emerges out from their soul. Their decision comes what their inner perception and inner self directs him to, for e. g. all the tastes and preferences of the humans come from their inner voice, which directs and helps the person to make choice. Scientists and Researchers have not yet come into any concrete evidence to support the instinct theory, yet it is true. Human beings going by the instinct avoids considering the cost of risk they might be subjected to. People neither make calculated move nor consider pros and cons rather they just jump into action what their inner instinct tells them too, which may not come out to be true. The value of risk taking is very high to the persons who are motivated by the inner instinct and its best example is death instinct theory propounded by Freud in 1920, whereby he stated that humans with their instinct go to the extent of loosing their will to survive. According to Freud, humans have two instincts: one is life-favoring instinct Eros, which in Greek means love and another instinct is Thanatos, which in Greek means death. It clearly shows that instinct theory is also risky. (Kastenbaum, 2007). If someone believes that â€Å"Perception is everything†, this means that he is cognitivist. (Heffner, 2004) Perception means to reorganize what the senses perceive into practicality. Your thoughts are your determining factor to take practical decisions and mould your emotions, behaviors and your whole personality. Cognitive theory depends on this perception. The theory states that by changing the thoughts, a person can change the moods, reduce tensions and anxiety and can develop good relationships. But thoughts can be deceptive too, and as said by Leon Festinger in 1957, â€Å"There are always conflicts and discrepancies between thoughts and actions or between belief and actions and we will act to resolve conflict and discrepancies. †(Huitt, 2001) The value of risk is imbalance between our thoughts and actions for e. g. persons’ thoughts would pronounce that smoking is detrimental to health, still he smokes this means he is conflict with himself. Every human being is born with his own personality and grows with his personality and has certain needs to be fulfilled, which motivates them towards the self-realization of their goals and for over all growth and development. The theory, which revealed this very perplexing nature, so intricately woven in humans is known by researchers and psychologists as Humanistic theory. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) who came out with this theory too states that, â€Å"All human beings has â€Å"Hierarchy of needs to fulfill before becoming a self-actualized, fully able person†. (Mercury, 1999). Even Carl Rogers (1902-1987) echoed the views of Maslow and further stated that for development, a person requires an environment, which can give him ample scope for self-disclosure, recognition and understanding and without these even the healthy human being will fade, just like a tree which cannot grow without sunlight and water. The risk is as Rogers says people may face anxiety when they face the real situation, which can be contradictory. According to Critics, The humanistic theories are very optimistic, vague and are unscientific. (Mercury, 1999). Among all the theories, the most determining factor for the human beings are their needs, and the priority that humans show on their needs motivate them to lead their fruitful life. Maslow came up with a â€Å"Hierarchy model† on the basis of needs theory. These needs are psychological needs, safety needs, social needs, esteem needs and self-actualization needs, according to this hierarchy. (Huitt, 2001) Once one need is fulfilled, it will lead to another need. But according to the critics this theory has several drawbacks. One person can have several needs at the same time, and can over lap. It is not necessary that fulfillment of one needs may actually motivate a person, as it is a human tendency that fulfillment of one need instigates the person to pursue in the quest for the acquirement of another need, and in this pursuit many persons may resort to anti-social activities harming the society. All theories came out with the one basic fact that it is the individual himself only, who in true sense is a force behind his own success and failure. All motivation comes from within individual himself, which is real essence of human motivation. WORKS CITED Becks Robert, (2003), Motivation: Theories and Principles (5th edition), Prentice Hall. Edward L. Deci, Richard M. Ryan, (1985), Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior, Springer, Inspirational. Richard Romando, Motivation Theory, Enzyne Articles, http://ezinearticles.com/? Motivation-Theory&id=410700 Faculty at the University of Rochester (Last Updated: 2007) Self Determination Theory: An Approach to Human Motivation and Personality. Retrieved June 30, 2007 from W. W. W: http://www. psych. rochester. edu/SDT/theory. html Heffner L. C. (Last Updated: 2004). I think therefore I have a Personality. In Cognitive Theory. Retrieved on June 30, 2007 from W. W. W: http://allpsych. com/personalitysynopsis/cognitive. html Huitt, W. (2001). Motivation to learn: An overview. Educational Psychology Interactive. Retrieved on June 30, 2007 from W. W. W: http://chiron. valdosta. edu/whuitt/col/motivation/motivate. html Kastenbaum Robert (Updated 2007) Death Instinct. Encyclopedia of Death and Dying. Retrieved June 30,2007 from W. W. W: http://www. deathreference. com/Da-Em/Death-Instinct. html Mercury M. F. (1999) Humanistic Theory. bbc. co. uk: The Guide to Life, The Universe and Everything. Retrieved on June 30, 2007 from W. W. W: http://www. bbc. co. uk/dna/h2g2/A147151.

Shore It Up

Shore It Up Shore It Up Shore It Up By Maeve Maddox Reading an advice article about the writing of historical fiction, I came across what I assume is an eggcorn for the idiom â€Å"to shore up.† eggcorn: the reshaping of a common word or expression in a way that makes sense to the speaker. The person writing the article drew an analogy between the construction of Machu Picchu and the research that underpins an effective historical novel: [The Incan builders] started at the base of the mountain, and built terraces all the way to the top to sure up the mountain. The writing instructor then compares this physical foundation work to the writing of a novel: Writing historical fiction is much like building Machu Picchu. You want your novel to stand the test of time and that means doing the historical research to â€Å"sure it up.†    Never until then had I come across the expression â€Å"to sure up† in the context of stabilizing, strengthening, or reinforcing something. The conventional idiom is â€Å"to shore up.† As a verb, to shore or to shore up means to prop something up. For example, one might shore up a sagging gate to keep it from scraping the ground. A tunnel might be shored with concrete. The verb shore derives from a noun that referred to a piece of timber or iron that was set against a building or a ship to prevent it from falling while it was being worked on. In modern usage, anything can be used to shore something up. One might shore up a wall by packing earth along the bottom. The verb is used literally in the context of building, reinforcing, or repairing structures: Anticipating a storm, the villagers shored up the sea-wall. The first step is to remove the boards and inspect the post. If its also soft and rot-infested, youll have to shore up the roof temporarily and install a new post thats treated to resist rot. A Web search reveals a quantity of examples of â€Å"sure up† in contexts that call for â€Å"shore up†: PANTHERS – Staying Hungry and Suring Up the Defense   The return of the big man  sures up  the middle of the offense. Prosecutors could use the videotaped interrogations to  sure up their argument  that a confession was genuine. One of the ways to  sure up  your home’s  foundation  is with Helical Piers installed. The use of â€Å"sure up† for â€Å"shore up† is still relatively rare. It flat-lines on the Ngram Viewer, and a Web search for the terms in quotation marks yields 4,670,000 results for â€Å"shore up† compared to 365,000 for â€Å"sure up.† Here are examples of the idiom â€Å"shore up† used correctly in a variety of contexts: How Bobby Wagner’s speed shored up the Seahawks’ defense Prosecutors had asked for the phone and bank records in a last ditch attempt to find evidence to shore up their case.   The bulk of the Snyder increase did not go directly to the schools; it went to shore up the underfunded teachers’ pension fund.   The Federal Reserve’s trillion-dollar effort to shore up the U.S. economy is likely to come to an end in October [2014]. Use your analytic skills to understand [your critic’s] position and to shore up your confidence in your own approach. At first, I thought that all the examples of â€Å"sure up† were incorrect versions of â€Å"shore up,† but I’ve decided that a few are being used with the meaning â€Å"to make sure.† Here is an instance of the latter: Coal supply chain partners in the Hunter Valley have struck a long-awaited agreement to sure up coal producing contracts. The headline above the sentence holds the clue that â€Å"shore up† is not intended: Historic agreement reached in long-running Hunter Valley coal chain dispute, providing certainty on contracts Bottom line: If what you mean is â€Å"to strengthen,† the idiom is â€Å"to shore up.† If what you mean is â€Å"make sure,† the idiom is â€Å"to make sure† or â€Å"to make certain.† Here are some other words that may be used to express the idea of â€Å"making sure† or â€Å"making certain† of something: check confirm ensure assure verify Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Comma After i.e. and e.g.Confused Words #3: Lose, Loose, LossDealing With A Character's Internal Thoughts

The Top 100 Transportation Jobs to Look for Right Now

The Top 100 Transportation Jobs to Look for Right Now If you’re interested in a career in transportation, or in finding a new career in the field, the tides of the industry are on your side. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), jobs that fall under the category of â€Å"transportation and material moving† are projected to grow through the year 2024, adding hundreds of thousands of jobs. Jobs in transportation can fall under many umbrellas. Check out the most thriving jobs in the field and see if one might be a good fit for you.Air Asset ControllerAir Traffic ControllerAircraft CaptainAircraft Quality Control InspectorAirfield Operations ManagerAirfield Operations SpecialistAirfield Operations SupervisorAirline DispatcherAirport Grounds Operations WorkerAirport ManagerAirport TransporterAirworthiness SpecialistAmbulance DriverAviation ManagerAviation Safety InspectorBoat CaptainBoat OperatorBoom Truck OperatorBulk DriverBus DriverChauffeurClass A DriverClass B DriverConductorCopilotDeck OfficerDock MasterDrive rDriver HelperDriver ManagerDriver SupervisorDriving TeacherDump Truck OperatorEmergency Vehicle DriverEquipment MoverFlatbed Truck DriverFlight AnalystFlight AttendantFlight CoordinatorFlight EngineerFlight InstructorFlight NavigatorFlight SchedulerForklift OperatorGeneral Transportation DirectorHelicopter PilotHousehold MoverJet PilotLocomotive EngineerLog Truck DriverMapping PilotMarine OilerMedical Cylinder DriverMotor Coach OperatorOver the Road Driver (OTR Driver)Owner / OperatorPallet Jack OperatorParking Lot AttendantParking Services SpecialistParking Systems ManagerPassenger Service AgentPatient Transport DriverPick Up and Delivery DriverPilotRail Motor Coach OperatorRamp AgentRelief DriverResidential DriverRoute DriverSailorSanitation DriverService Station AttendantShip CaptainShip Chief EngineerShip NavigatorShip SuperintendentShuttle DriverSimulator InstructorSkycapStacker OperatorStreet Cleaning Equipment OperatorSubway and Streetcar OperatorTaxi DriverTest PilotTest Pi lot ManagerTicket AgentTolling SpecialistTow Truck DriverTrain ManagerTransit DirectorTransit ManagerTransit OperatorTransit PlannerTransportation AideTransportation AnalystTransportation Facility RepresentativeTransportation InspectorTransportation Mobility ManagerTransporterTruck DriverVan DriverWheelchair Van DriverYard HostlerAccording to BLS, the median annual wage for transportation occupations was $30,730 in 2016.Education requirements differ for professions within the transportation field- many ask for no formal education or a high school diploma, while some require a post-secondary degree.This is a varied fields with lots of opportunity nationwide- do some searching to find the perfect position for your career goals!

Websites Comparison Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Websites Comparison - Coursework Example The two websites have the different secondary audience. The secondary audience for the WebMD is patients of sick people or people carrying out research on medical subjects. Students studying medicine can use the information for studies. The secondary audience for Nationals Institutes of Health is the learning institution, NGO’s and government agencies. In order to provide medical help to the community NGO’s can use the information to identify the health institution available. The government can also monitor the health program available in order to make an improvement. The two websites use connection strategies to deliver the information to the primary audience. WebMD uses a connection from Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest. People can share the information on the website to those social media platform and increase audience. National Institutes of Health uses You Tube, Facebook, Twitter and email updates connections. The subscribers are updates through email on daily basi s. Some of the jargons in WebMD include prodigy, sclerosis facts, schizophrenia and rheumatoid arthritis. Those jargons are used to explain different body complication. National Institutes of Health web has more scientific jargons and experiments that are technical. The images in the website include images of practical being carried out in a scientific lab. An average sentence length in the WebMD website is ten words and a paragraph is seven to eight sentences. Each paragraph is composed of different information.

Middle East Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Middle East Economy - Essay Example tton or other agricultural outputs sold to world markets by Middle Eastern countries in the 19th century, little has changed in the diversification of these economies. The manufacturing sector is limited due to a lack of raw goods, as is the high value goods sector or research and development. Part of the problem is the volatility of the region, but another part is how few economic reforms have occurred in the post-WWII period when so much of the rest of the world was changing. Instead, undemocratic leaders have seized power and mostly enriched themselves and their cronies instead of cutting red tape to allow private enterprise to flourish. Another aspect of this problem is that many Middle Eastern countries experimented with socialism to varying degrees during the 20th century, nationalizing whole sectors of their economies and mismanaging them. This is a legacy that is still playing out, unfortunately for the people of these countries. The few success stories, for example, Jordan a nd the UAE, have visionary leaders who have used their countries’ natural advantages to open up to the world and try new things, embracing trade and capitalism rather than the enervation of a state-directed economy.2 This is all a shame because the Middle East was the place where civilization began and for many years flourished. Some of the world’s first traders, businesspeople, and scientists came from the Middle East, something that is now far from the truth. In order to regain the standing this region once had they need to turn over their economies to their people rather than keeping them tied up in the hands of autocrats and their unelected henchman. They need to have a responsive form of politics—one that values opportunity and private enterprise not inwardness and

Paper on the client Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Paper on the client - Case Study Example ttitude, his validation of Cesar, and key words and phrases the doctor uses with respect to psychology. The principles, foundation, and dynamic of the doctor-patient relationship in Abre Los Ojos are very interesting. The doctor himself is a no-nonsense type of guy who encourages Cesar to try to remember what he himself did, and the movie also has a few twists at the end. Another important aspect of being a doctor—which Cesar’s doctor exemplifies—is what it means to be a professional (whether or not the doctor follows the rules and laws of doctor-patient relations). Understandably so, doctors must be continually assessing and evaluating the needs of the patient. Are the patients’ medications at the correct dosages? Do they need to be adjusted? The duty of the doctor is to continuously be monitoring a patient’s relative progress or the lack thereof. ... Usually a patient’s care team consists of: the doctors that are working on all of the patients; the main doctors which oversee the patient’s care setting; the social worker; the chaplain; and perhaps most obviously, the family and/or caregivers. In this case of Cesar the family and/or caregivers are basically replaced by the jail. It is the duty of the doctor on the end of the hospital or other organization taking care of the patient—not now speaking of the family and/or caregivers—that they establish a sense of trust and reliability with the patient. Since the doctor is the person who will have the most contact with the patient, it is of maximum importance that the doctor be professional, respectable, and affable. It is the duty of the other doctors to patiently listen as each individual doctor expresses his or her reflections on the progress of the patients. Similarly, it is the doctors’ duty to reflect on how the status of the patients are. The s ocial worker is available in order to address any issues that might come up regarding the patient’s living conditions, environment, etc. The chaplain is available in order to help out with a patient’s spiritual needs. The doctor’s self-exploration and identity struggles being faced while treating Cesar are manifold. In whatever case, the doctor is very important, and of course, one cannot forget the importance of the role of the jailers, which must work with the organization’s doctor on-call. The doctor works to provide the service of helping the patient through this troubling and complex time in his or her life. Hopefully the doctor can make that patient’s journey an easier and perhaps less stressful one. Cesar’s doctor faces

Reflective Essay On Gaining Management Skills In Nursing Nursing Essay

Reflective Essay On Gaining Management Skills In Nursing Nursing Essay For the last five years, I have been working in the capacity of senior staff nurse in a rehabilitation unit for patients suffering from various forms of mental health conditions. When the ward manager offered me the opportunity to attend a course focusing on management skills, I had mixed feelings. I was pleased to realise that my manager had confidence in me to participate; However, I felt that this would be a challenge. At the same time, I was apprehensive; would I be able to fulfil her expectations? Especially as this course was designed for charge nurses who are expected to take a managerial role. Boud et al (1985) wrote about reflection being a form of response of the learner to experience. Johns (2000) stated through the conflict contradiction, the commitment to realise desirable work and understanding why things are as they are, the practitioner is more empowered to take more appropriate action in the future. From a reflective perspective of my practice, I undertook this study because I wanted to develop my role and felt it would be a good opportunity for me to apply the knowledge gained into my clinical practice. Effective resource management in the health care is paramount as without resources, there would be no health services. Various and appropriate resources are required to function and support the delivery of healthcare. In a practice setting, there is the human resources and non human resources. Human resources are staffà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s clinical knowledge, their skills and time. This refers to all categories of the workforce within the health care setting. It includes nursing, medical, management, domestic, Occupational therapist, administrators, patients, etc.. Therefore, this includes the skill mix of staff, recruitment and retention. Non human resources are buildings, medication, equipment methods and money. Methods as resources include clinical procedures, policies and training. For money, the resources include the cost of maintaining buildings, equipment, recruiting staff and their salaries and day today running of wards, etc. These resources should be utilized effectively in order to achieve targets at minimal financial cost, in the minimum amount of time and to a high standard. Learning about workforce planning gave me a greater understanding of assessing how many, and what type of staff required, identifying how these staffs will be supplied and deciding how a balance between demand and supply can be achieved. Workforce planning in the NHS is a challenging but an important process. More effective the workforce is ensuring better service for service users. During our study lessons, we have had plenty of opportunities to participate in group work. Within an establishment / ward situation it is important to complete the decision making process as a team. Members should realise if they are to discuss an issue, find possible answers to an issue or make recommendations in order for implementation. There must be an open forum for discussion. Given the above, there is less chance members will waste time dealing with issues beyond their responsibility. Commitment to the decision is important as this will increase the commitment to implementation of the decision. Some of the advantages of group decision making are it allows attempts to persuade and influence others, which could result in achieving high quality results. Because of participants wider knowledge, experience and data collection it could produce more possible solutions. People are more committed to implement what has been discussed and planned if they are included in the discussion a nd the decision making process. Sharing ideas, opinions and options increase the understanding of the situation and commitment to the decision. In group discussions there is opportunity to learn from the other members. The advantage is there can be a tendency for more dominate member to take over and influence others. However, a few of the participants may attempt to appear superior and dominate the group. Especially when there are strong personalities among the group members. Respect differences of opinion (Brounstein,2003; Payne,2001). Also, group members may become more interested in winning rather than investing the best possible option. I have experienced advantages as well as disadvantages during our group work sessions. It felt warm and satisfying to be a part of a group which ensures that everyone has an opportunity to be heard respecting everyoneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s idea and values. It was tense and uncomfortable when there are dominators and aggressors; they were interrupti ng others wanting only their ideas to be heard. There are numerous methods by which a group can interact, these be introduced to prevent the discussions being dominated. I have also experienced differences in ideas, which led to feelings of a frustration and an unfriendly atmosphere. When you have a group that works well together as a team, negotiating will become more effective. We should make sure that our negotiations are done in such a way that it flows. The aim is to find an outcome thats acceptable to both parties. To achive this, we need skills such as: Listening, Questioning, reasoning and accepting. There are many ways to show that you are listening to someone. These involve two sets of skills. Non verbal, which relate to what you do and verbal relates to what you say. Non verbal methods include giving the person eye contact, nodding and not looking at your watch or yawning. Verbal ways include letting someone finish what they are saying, and thinking about what they have said rather than about what you are going to say next and responding to their comments. In any negotiation situation, it is important that you should feel comfortable about questioning anything you are unsure of or not happy with. There is no point in taking up a hard and fast position when you go into a negotiating situation. When this happens, both side retreat into their corners, and it becomes difficult to reason. You must be prepared to make some minor adjustments and compromises, as will your negotiating partner to reach a suitable outcome. At the end of a successful negotiation, you should both feel satisfied that you have reached an acceptable decision. You should also both have had an opportunity to express your views, ask questions and work out a reasonable agreement. If one party cannot accept the position, the negotiation should continue. I have also learnt and experienced how important it is to have bargaining skills when you are negotiating between two groups. During our negotiating exercise what we failed to do was to discuss between team members our strongest and weakest arguments and planning the sequences of our arguments. I believe the negotiation process can be summarised as a trading game. There is one way to play the game. That is to trade what we have with what we want. Through this study course, I was expected to learn various topics such as finance/workforce scheduling, report writing/negotiating skills, Recruitment and selection, interview skills, etc. Each lesson I attended was crammed with information. There were a number of skills I learned as part of my coursework, but in addition I learned a lot by going through the process. Reading relevant books and discussing these with my fellow classmates broaden my knowledge and interest in each topic. Looking at sample essays made me realise writing a report requires logical thinking and planning in order to organise oneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ideas carefully and express them accurately. This was a valuable exercise as we write reports daily in our work area. I could use my new found knowledge and skills at work. The day after I learned about negotiating skills, a situation arose at work where the new information I learned assisted me in tackling the situation confidently. The course also helped me to improve my supervision skills in leading the junior members of the team. Many of the lesions stressed group work. This allowed me to work in a team setting confidently and expand my team building skills. I highly value the skills and lessons I have learned from attending this course and would recommend the program to anyone who wants to expand their knowledge and skills. Boud D, Keogh R, Walker D (eds.) (1985) Reflection , turning experience into learning. London. Cogan Page. Brounstein,2003;payne,2001 Nursing Management and Leadership. Ann Marriner Tomer Johns C (2000) Becoming a reflective practitioner. Oxford: Blackwell